Monga opaleshoni ya mafupa mu 2023, pali zovuta zina.Vuto limodzi ndi loti njira zambiri za mafupa ndizovuta ndipo zimafuna nthawi yayitali yochira.Izi zitha kukhala zosasangalatsa kwa odwala ndikuchedwa kuchira.Komanso, mavuto monga matenda kapena magazi akhoza kuchitika.
Komabe, pazaka 20 zikubwerazi, opaleshoni ya mafupa akuyembekezeka kupindula ndi matekinoloje atsopano.Mbali imodzi yomwe idzapitirire kukula ndi opaleshoni ya robotic.Maloboti amatha kusuntha bwino kwambiri ndikuthandizira maopaleshoni m'njira zovuta.Izi zingayambitse zotsatira zabwino komanso nthawi yochepa yochira.
Kupita patsogolo kwina kumayembekezeredwa mumankhwala obwezeretsanso.Matekinoloje atsopano monga ma stem cell therapy ndi uinjiniya wa minofu amatha kupereka mwayi wokonzanso kapena kusintha minofu yowonongeka.Izi zitha kuchepetsa kufunika kwa ma implants ndikuwongolera kuchira kwa odwala.
Kuphatikiza apo, kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo wamajambula kumayembekezeredwa.Kujambula kwa 3D ndi zenizeni zenizeni zingathandize madokotala kuti apange matenda olondola kwambiri ndikukonzekera bwino njirayo.
Ndipotu opaleshoni ya mafupa padziko lonse yagonjetsa mavuto osiyanasiyana m’zaka zapitazi.Njira zamakono zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa zathandizira kwambiri kukonza opaleshoni ya mafupa.Zitsanzo zina zomwe zikuchitika ndi izi:
1. Opaleshoni yocheperako pang'ono: Pogwiritsa ntchito ma endoscopes ndi zida zazing'ono, maopaleshoni amatha kuchitidwa ndi ting'onoting'ono.Izi zimabweretsa ululu wochepa pambuyo pa opaleshoni, kuchira msanga komanso zovuta zochepa.
2. Opaleshoni yoyendetsedwa ndi roboti: Makina othandizidwa ndi roboti amathandiza njira zolondola komanso zocheperako.Mwachitsanzo, atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyika mawondo kapena m'chiuno kuti akhale olondola komanso oyenera.
3. Njira zoyendera: Njira zoyendera zothandizidwa ndi makompyuta zimathandiza maopaleshoni kupanga mabala olondola ndi kuika implants.Mwachitsanzo, angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa opaleshoni ya msana kuti apititse patsogolo chitetezo ndi kulondola.
Ukadaulo uwu umathandizira kukonza zotulukapo za opaleshoni ya mafupa, kufupikitsa nthawi yochira, komanso kupititsa patsogolo odwala, moyo wabwino.Zonsezi, pazaka zotsatira za 20, opaleshoni ya mafupa idzapindula ndi matekinoloje atsopano omwe amalola opaleshoni yolondola kwambiri, kuchira msanga, ndi zotsatira zabwino.
Nkhaniyi imasankha imodzi mwa matenda omwe amafala kuti asonyeze zotsatira za kubwereza kwaukadaulo pazaka zambiri.
Intertrochanteric fractures of the femur ndi kuvulala kofala komwe kumachitika mwa anthu okalamba ndipo kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi matenda aakulu ndi imfa.Njira zochiritsira zasintha kwa zaka zambiri, ndi kupita patsogolo kwa njira zopangira opaleshoni ndi mapangidwe a implants zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zotsatira zabwino.M'nkhaniyi, tidzakambirana njira zosiyanasiyana zochizira matenda a intertrochanteric fractures of the femur, kupenda kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo molingana ndi kusinthika kwazaka, ndikukambirana njira zaposachedwa zamankhwala.
Zaka zana zapitazo, chithandizo cha intertrochanteric fractures chinali chosiyana kwambiri ndi njira zamakono.Panthawiyo, njira zopangira opaleshoni sizinali zapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo panali zosankha zochepa za zipangizo zopangira mkati.
Njira zopanda opaleshoni: Njira zosagwiritsa ntchito opaleshoni nthawi zambiri zinkagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa cha intertrochanteric fractures.Izi zinaphatikizapo kupumula kwa bedi, kukokera, ndi kusasunthika ndi pulasitala kapena zopota.Cholinga chake chinali kulola kuti fracture ichiritse mwachibadwa, ndi kuyenda kochepa komanso kulemera kwa mwendo wokhudzidwa.Komabe, njirazi nthawi zambiri zinkapangitsa kuti munthu asasunthike kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kuwonjezereka kwa mavuto monga kuwonongeka kwa minofu, kuuma kwamagulu, ndi zilonda zopanikizika.
Njira zopangira opaleshoni: Kuchita opaleshoni kwa intertrochanteric fractures were zocheperako ndipo nthawi zambiri zimasungidwa pamilandu yosuntha kwambiri kapena yosweka.Njira zopangira opaleshoni zomwe zinkagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi imeneyo zinali zochepa ndipo nthawi zambiri zinkakhala zochepetsera komanso kukonza mkati pogwiritsa ntchito mawaya, zomangira, kapena mbale.Komabe, zipangizo zomwe zilipo ndi zida zogwiritsira ntchito sizinali zodalirika kapena zogwira mtima monga zopangira zamakono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azilephera, matenda, komanso osagwirizana.
Pazonse, chithandizo cha intertrochanteric fractures zaka zana zapitazo sichinali chothandiza komanso chokhudzana ndi zoopsa ndi zovuta zambiri poyerekeza ndi zochitika zamakono.Kupita patsogolo kwa njira zopangira opaleshoni, zipangizo zokonzekera mkati, ndi ndondomeko zotsitsimutsa zathandiza kwambiri zotsatira za odwala omwe ali ndi intertrochanteric fractures m'zaka zaposachedwa.
Kukhomerera kwa intramedullary kumaphatikizapo kuyika ndodo yachitsulo mu ngalande ya medulla ya femur kuti akhazikitse chophukacho.Njirayi yadziwika kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa chifukwa cha kuwononga kwake pang'ono komanso kuchepa kwa zovuta poyerekeza ndi ORIF.Kukhomerera kwa intramedullary kumalumikizidwa ndi kukhala m'chipatala kwakanthawi, nthawi yochira mwachangu, komanso kuchepa kwa kulephera kwa mgwirizano komanso kulephera kwa implant.
Ubwino woyika msomali wa intramedullary wa intertrochanteric fractures of the femur:
Kukhazikika: Misomali ya intramedullary imapereka kukhazikika kwabwino kwa fupa losweka, kulola kulimbikitsana koyambirira komanso kulemera.Izi zingayambitse kuchira msanga komanso kuchepetsa kugona m'chipatala.
Kusungidwa kwa magazi: Poyerekeza ndi njira zina zopangira opaleshoni, misomali ya intramedullary imasunga magazi ku fupa losweka, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha avascular necrosis ndi osagwirizanitsa.
Kuwonongeka pang'ono kwa minofu yofewa: Opaleshoniyi imaphatikizapo kudula pang'ono, komwe kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kochepa kwa minofu yofewa.Izi zingayambitse kuchepa kwa ululu pambuyo pa opaleshoni komanso kuchira msanga.
Chiwopsezo chochepa chotenga matenda: Njira yotseka yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poika misomali mu intramedullary imachepetsa chiopsezo chotenga matenda poyerekeza ndi maopaleshoni otsegula.
Kuyanjanitsa bwino ndi kuchepetsa: Misomali ya intramedullary imalola kuwongolera bwino ndi kugwirizanitsa fupa losweka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zotsatira zabwino.
Hemiarthroplasty imaphatikizapo kulowetsa mutu wa chikazi m'malo mwake ndi implant ya prosthetic.Njirayi nthawi zambiri imasungidwa kwa odwala okalamba omwe ali ndi matenda osteoporosis kwambiri kapena omwe ali ndi nyamakazi yomwe idakhalapo kale.Hemiarthroplasty imagwirizanitsidwa ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha zovuta, kuphatikizapo kusuntha, matenda, ndi kulephera kwa implants.
THA imaphatikizapo kulowetsa m'chiuno chonse ndi implant ya prosthetic.Njirayi imasungidwa kwa odwala ang'onoang'ono omwe ali ndi mafupa abwino komanso opanda nyamakazi ya m'chiuno yomwe ilipo kale.THA imagwirizanitsidwa ndi nthawi yayitali yobwezeretsa komanso chiopsezo chachikulu cha zovuta poyerekeza ndi njira zina zothandizira.
Opaleshoni yonse ya m'malo mwa chiuno nthawi zambiri imalimbikitsidwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi nyamakazi yoopsa ya m'chiuno, kuthyoka kwa m'chiuno komwe sikungachiritsidwe ndi hemiarthroplasty, kapena zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa kupweteka kwambiri ndi kulumala.
Hemiarthroplasty ili ndi ubwino wokhala njira yochepetsetsa kusiyana ndi opaleshoni yonse ya m'chiuno, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi nthawi yayitali m'chipatala komanso nthawi yochira msanga.Komabe, sizingakhale zothandiza pochiza mitundu ina ya ntchafu, ndipo pali chiopsezo kuti mbali yotsalira ya chiuno ikhoza kuwonongeka pakapita nthawi.
Opaleshoni yonse ya m'chiuno m'malo mwake, ndi njira yowonjezereka yomwe ingapereke mpumulo wokhalitsa ku ululu wa m'chiuno ndikusintha ntchito yonse ya chiuno.Komabe, ndi njira yovuta kwambiri yomwe ingafunike kukhala m'chipatala nthawi yayitali komanso nthawi yayitali yochira.Palinso chiopsezo cha zovuta monga matenda, kutsekeka kwa magazi, ndi kusuntha kwa mgwirizano wa chiuno.
Pomaliza, chithandizo cha intertrochanteric fractures cha femur chasintha kwambiri kwa zaka zambiri, ndi kupita patsogolo kwa njira zopangira opaleshoni ndi mapangidwe a implants omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale zotsatira zabwino.Njira zaposachedwa kwambiri zochizira, monga kukhomerera kwa intramedullary, zimapereka njira zosavutikira kwambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi zovuta zochepa.Kusankha njira ya chithandizo kuyenera kukhala payekha payekha malinga ndi msinkhu wa wodwalayo, comorbidities, ndi makhalidwe ophwanyika.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-13-2023